{"id":858,"date":"2010-08-14T23:02:50","date_gmt":"2010-08-14T23:02:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/?page_id=858"},"modified":"2010-08-19T05:11:38","modified_gmt":"2010-08-19T05:11:38","slug":"the-shawnee-indians","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/?page_id=858","title":{"rendered":"The Shawnee Indians"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Shawnee<\/a>

Shawnee Indian Chief Cornstalk 1720-1777 - Source: http:\/\/freepages.genealogy.rootsweb. ancestry.com\/~fennast \/Newell Mason.htm<\/p><\/div>\n

The Shawnee are an Algonquian speaking people.\u00a0 They originally inhabited Pennsylvania, Virginia and Western Maryland.\u00a0 The origin of the Shawnee is unknown but according to one legend the Shawnee were the descendants of a war party sent by Chief Opechancanough ruler of the Powhatten Confederacy.\u00a0 They reportedly settled in the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia and are known for their widespread settlements.\u00a0 For this reason their language was used extensively for trade between many different tribes.\u00a0 This also enabled them to become leaders of Native American resistance to European and American westward expansion.<\/p>\n

Prior to 1754 the Shawnee had a tribal headquarters near present day Winchester, Virginia.\u00a0 After the battle on the Monongahela in 1755 most Shawnees chose to fight with the French in the French and Indian War.\u00a0 When the French lost the war many of the Shawnees joined in Pontiac\u2019s Rebellion.<\/span><\/p>\n

To appease the Indians the British issued the Proclamation of 1763 that attempted to draw a boundary line between the English settlers and the Indians using the Allegheny Mountains as a buffer.\u00a0 The Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768 pushed the western boundary into present day Ohio and gave settlers territory in West Virginia and Kentucky that had been off limits.\u00a0 The Shawnee did not agree with the Treaty of Fort Stanwix because they had been excluded from negotiations. <\/span><\/p>\n

This Treaty failed to prevent a flood of new settlers pouring into Ohio.\u00a0 Violent incidents between settlers and the Shawnee would become Virginia Governor Lord Dunnmore\u2019s excuse to begin a war in 1774 that was ultimately intended to establish Virginia\u2019s claim to Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio.<\/span><\/p>\n

When the American Revolution began in 1775 many of the Shawnee chiefs advocated joining the British in hopes of driving the colonists back across the Appalachian Mountains.\u00a0 On November 11, 1777 James Hall and a number of Virginia militia members attacked and killed the Shawnee Chief Cornstalk and two of his sons which reignited the frontier war for survival with both sides killing each other as fast as they were able.\u00a0 By 1780 violence was the only rule of law in Ohio.<\/span><\/p>\n

After the revolution the Shawnees created a Confederation of Native American tribes to continue to resist westward white settlement.\u00a0 The Shawnee were part of a force that General Anthony Wayne defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794.\u00a0 After this battle most of the Shawnee signed the Treaty of Greenville and migrated west to Missouri.\u00a0 As a result of ongoing conflict they were ultimately forced to move to Oklahoma where they reside today<\/span>.
\n<\/span>
\nSources:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Conspiracy of Pontiac<\/em>.\u00a0 Parkman, Francis.\u00a0 Little Brown and Co.\u00a0 Boston, Mass.\u00a0 1898<\/span><\/p>\n

American Leviathan:\u00a0 Empire, Nation and Revolutionary Frontier.<\/em>\u00a0 Griffin, Patrick.\u00a0 Hill and Wang A Division of Farrar, Straus and Giroux.\u00a0 New York, NY.\u00a0 2007<\/span><\/p>\n

Our Savage Neighbors:\u00a0 How Indian War Transformed Early America. <\/em>\u00a0Silver, Peter.\u00a0 W.W. Norton & Co.\u00a0 New York, NY.\u00a0 2008<\/span><\/p>\n

Shawnee-Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. \u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shawnee<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 The Shawnee are an Algonquian speaking people.\u00a0 They originally inhabited Pennsylvania, Virginia and Western Maryland.\u00a0 The origin of the Shawnee is unknown but according to one legend the Shawnee were the descendants of a war party sent by Chief … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":242,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-858","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=858"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":977,"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/858\/revisions\/977"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smithrebellion1765.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}